Plasma, the fourth state of matter, consists of a gas in which electrons are no longer bound to atoms, which allows ...

At more than one million degrees, the sun's atmosphere—the corona—is incredibly hot; but not everywhere. Time and again, huge ...

Ultrafast lasers tracked plasma formation and ionization in copper with picosecond precision. Results show rapid ion growth ...

Abstract: To further enhance the jet characteristics of the laminar plasma torch, various anode, cathode, and arc chamber configurations have been proposed and investigated through both experimental ...