Abstract: What can be simpler than designing with CMOS and BiCMOS? These technologies are very easy to use but they still require careful design. This tutorial discusses the odd case of circuits that ...

Let's assume that you need to simultaneously look at the inputs and outputs of a 16-bit counter to determine a timing error, but you have only a 2-channel scope – how do you look all of the required ...

Quantum computing represents a paradigm shift from classical computation by harnessing inherent quantum phenomena such as superposition and entanglement to perform operations beyond the scope of ...

Ladder logic uses switch or relay contacts to implement Boolean expressions. In years past, ladder logic was made possible with discrete relays and was sometimes termed “relay logic.” Today most ...

Fig 1. A typical CMOS input circuit comprises a “P” and “N” transistor. One is fully “on” for logic high, and the other is “on” for a logic low. Fig 2. When a CMOS input pin is at logic high or low ...