Innate immunity constitutes the body’s first line of defence against invading pathogens. This ancient, evolutionarily conserved system is activated within minutes of encountering foreign agents, ...

Our immune system is much older than we think. Long before dinosaurs existed, early life forms had developed a powerful ...

Ocular infections and related inflammatory disorders are important causes of visual morbidity worldwide and may arise from viral, bacterial, fungal, and ...

Research reveals that T cells from the adaptive immune system can manipulate the memory of innate immune cells. Previously, it was believed that the memory of innate immune cells operated ...

Researchers have shown that innate immune training, also known as trained immunity (TRIM), leads to aggravated bone loss in experimental models of periodontitis and inflammatory arthritis. Clinical ...

Unlike transient innate immune activation, trained immunity is characterized by long-lasting but reversible functional reprogramming of monocytes, macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and ...

1 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 2 Biomedical Research Institute of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 3 Department of Molecular Genetics ...

We sometimes hear about the benefits of “boosting” our immune system, but what we really want to do is support our immune system on an ongoing basis. People often think of the immune system as ...

Cancer immunotherapies, including cancer vaccines, harness and amplify the immune system’s natural ability to detect and attack cancer cells. In this illustration, immune T cells (pink) attach to a ...